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KMID : 0377619920570080525
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1992 Volume.57 No. 8 p.525 ~ p.534
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A Study of Fundamental Approaches in Nursing Research
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Abstract
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This study was made to share the fundamental approaches in nursing research and develop the nature of nursing. The important points of this study were as follows.
1. The conceptual framework guiding the development of nursing for more than a century has been one of limitations and boundaries. This framework has defined our boundaries. This framework has defined our professional identity, political existence and relationships in the world of work.
2. Our identity has suffered greatly because we have not carefully studied our histc ry and incorporated historical knowledge into theoretical and clinical teachings. Nurses should make excellent historians. The heart and core of nursing is understanding and feeling for others; these are the essence of the historian´s work as well.
3. A model of scientific inquiry comprises six interrelated influencing variables, subdivided into four intrapersonal factors (world view, cognitive style, experience, methodological knowledge/skill) and two extrapersonal factors (influential others, sociohistoric context). There are four basic phases to the inquiry process that are problem formulation, method selection, method implementation, communication of findings, and each phase is influenced by the six variables.
4. Four fundamental patterns of knowing have been identified from an analysis of the conceptual and syntactical structure of nursing knowledge.
The four patterns are distinguished according to logical type of meaning and designated as: (1) emprirics, the science of nursing;
(2) esthetics, the art of nursing;
(3) the component of a personal knowledge in nursing; and
(4) ethics, the component of moral knowledge in nursing.
5. Research findings tend to be toward the higher end of the continuum of knowing and may be the middle of the understanding pole, while theorizing tends to be on the higher pole of understanding and may be the middle of the knowing pole. Approaches to know ledge development - including: theory development-should be analyzed against the properties of human science, the mission of a practice oriented discipline, and the balance among knowing, understanding, and caring.
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